MV Foylebank
LOAD PORT AND DISCHARGE PORT SECURITY LEVEL 1.
The Hague-Visby Rules
Article 3
1. The carrier shall be bound at the beginning of the voyage to exercise due diligence to-
· Make the ship seaworthy
· Properly man, equip and supply the ship
· Make the holds, refrigerating and cool chamber and all other parts of the ship in which goods are carried fit and safe for their reception, cartridge and preservation.
· Subject to the provisions of article 4, the carrier shall properly and carefully load, handle, stow, carry, kept and care for and discharge in good condition.
In order to proper care of the cargo below those things to be followed.
How the cargo has loaded?
How the cargo has stowed?
How the cargo was cared for?
How the cargo was discharged?
4 main factors to consider in stowage of cargo:
1. The best possible use the ship’s deadweight and cubic capacity. (10-15% of total cubic capacity is allowed for broken stowage)
2. Prevent damage to the ship, a proper distribution of cargo to ensure adequate stability and trim, also it must be properly secured to prevent shifting.
3. Cargo which is fragile, taints very easily, is subject to leakage, scratches easily, has strong odours or is liable to sweat, requires proper segregation.
4. A proper segregation and stowage of different consignments for various ports must be made.
BEFORE LOADING
1. Proper Risk Assessment to be carried out before Loading and Discharging
2. Stowage plans of Cargos
3. Loading and Discharging of cargo Plans
4. Application of Hague-Visby Rules
5. Cargo meeting to be carried out.
SEQUENCE OF LOADING
1. Liquid Bulk
2. Dry Bulk
3. Vehicular
4. Palletized
5. Containerised
6. Sawn Timber
SEQUENCE OF DISCHARGING
1. Containerised
2. Sawn Timber
3. Vehicular
4. Palletised
5. Dry Bulk
6. Liquid Bulk
1.LIQUID BULK
RISK ASSESSMENT
Proper Risk Assessment to be Carried out Before any loading and discharging by responsible person. During pre-arrival meeting all hazardious matters point out & discussed with all deck crews & discuss how to prevent it.
LOADING OPERATION
Load port : Tanjung Langsat
Discharge Port : Chittagong
Density : 0.988
Loading Cargo Temp : 45-degree cent.
Carrying Temperature : 40- degree cent.
Pumping Temp : 50-degree cent.
Total Loadable QTY : 5799 MT
Tank to be Loaded : 1-11
DUE DILIGENCE
1. Tank space must be vented and tested before cleaning team enter.
2. Palm oil used for human consumption and the tank spaces must be fit and hygienic.
3. Clean the tank spaces of previous cargo by using shovel for takeout remaining material.
4. Personnel to spray and wash down the tank space.
5. Spray and brush all the tank surface area with caustic soda, then wash down with fresh water.
6. Vent all tanks for dry and re-inspection the access and tank.
7. Have a surveyor to approve the tank for loading and obtain a CERTIFICATE OF CLEANLINESS.
8. Check that tank heating system is working and ready to receive cargos.
LOADING CARGO
1. During loading shore pump to be used.
2. The oil will come from shore tanks via a hose pipe & pump.
3. Initial Loading rate 200 MT
4. Bulk Loading Rate 600 MT
5. Topping Up rate 200 MT
6. Maximum allowable pressure in line 2.5 Kg.
7. 95 % loading to be done as per charter party requirements.
8. Before Loading line up to be done carefully and double check with another officer, total 2 number of person to be checked line up prior loading.
9. When tank ullage will be 1 meter started cargo heating until completed the discharging the cargo.
10. During loading time, emergency signal to be used stop, stop, stop.
11. Ship shore communication to be tested and conformed that spare battery is available for replace.
12. Kept vessel upright at all time.
13. Total loading time as per loading rate 9.7 hrs
FIG: LOADING PLAN FOR INDIVIDUAL TANK
CARE & MAINTENANCE OF THE CARGO
1. Temperature to be checked daily 3 times, 400 C to be maintained.
DISCHARGE OPERATION
1. Discharge will be done as per discharge plan.
2. Discharge will be started from ship tank via pipe line & pump.
3. Initial discharge rate 200 MT
4. Hourly bulk discharge rate 600 MT
5. Stripping Discharge rate 200 MT
6. During Discharging time emergency signal to be used stop, stop, stop.
7. Ship shore communication to be tested and conformed that spare battery is available for replace.
8. 2 number of pumps to be used for discharging operation
9. Maximum line pressure 5 kg
10. Before discharging line up to be done carefully and double check with another officer, total 2 number of person to be checked line up.
11. Give one-hour notice to engine room for 2 pumps. When pump is ready start discharge.
12. Do not stop heating until the cargo is completed discharge.
13. Give one-hour notice to engine room for preparing the stripper pump.
14. For stripping time stripper pump to be used for discharging remaining cargo.
15. Adjust list and trim for discharging the maximum of cargo from the tank.
16. Total Bulk discharge time: 9.7 hrs
17. Stripping time approximate 1 hrs
18. Total discharge time 10.7 hrs.
Fig: Discharge plan for individual tank
WOODCHIPS
Load Port : Tanjung Langsat
Discharge Port : Chennai
Stowage Factor : 3.06 m3/t
Total Loadable QTY : 3149 MT
Hold to be loaded : No. 2,3,4 P & S
DUE DILIGENCE
· Proper PPE to be worn like safety googles, safety musk, safety halemt, safety boots.During loading chute to be used which capacity is 1000tph.
· Cargo hold cleaned. All residues of previous cargo removed,hold is washed with fresh water.
· The bilge and strum boxes inspected, cleaned and then cover with burlap to prevent entry of cargo particles.
· The cargo hold will need to be forced ventilated to ensure that it is dry no moisture is left in the hold.
· Fire fighting equipment must be ready at all times.
Hold dimensions (Langthxbreadthxheight)
We know that Density = Mass/Volume
Space
|
No 2 L H P & S
|
No 3 L H P & S
|
No 4 L H P & S
|
Total 100%
|
Meters
|
19.2x8.4x8.8
|
26.4x8.5x8.8
|
19.2x8.5x8.8
|
Capacity in M3
|
2839
|
3949
|
2872
|
9660
|
Capacity in MT
|
925
|
1288
|
936
|
3149
|
CAPACITY TO BE LOADED IN EACH CARGO HOLD
SL No
|
Name of Cargo Hold
|
Loaded quantity 100% (MT)
|
2
|
Lower Holds P/S
|
925
|
3
|
Lower Holds P/S
|
1288
|
4
|
Lower holds P/S
|
936
|
T
|
Total
|
3149
|
LOADING/ STOW
1. Loading will be done as per loading plan.
2. Loading will be done by using conveyor & chute.
3. Chute capacity is 1000 tph.
4. Trimming of the cargo will be done by a small bulldozer.
5. Cargo will be trimmed evenly to the boundaries of the cargo space to minimize the risk of shifting and miximum cargo to load.
6. During loading monitor the weather, if rain coming immediately stop the cargo operation and secure the hatch cover & make sure that no rain water entering the hold.
7. Vessel kept upright at all times
8. Total Loading time: 3.14 hrs
Fig: During Loading wood chips
CARE FOR THE WOODCHIP
1. Proper ventilation must be used through the voyage & make sure that moisture not creating.
2. Weather condition to be monitored all the time.
PREPARATION FOR DISCHARGING
1. Proper PPE to be worn like safety googles, safety musk, safety halemt, safety boot.
2. Personnal incharge of the operation or duty officer is responsible for the operation.
3. Hold to be tested before entering the hold & make sure that there is no gas inside the hold.
5. Ship crane to be used for discharging operation by using grab. Each grab capacity 20t at a time. 3 crane to be used for discharging operation.
6. Every 2 min each grabe can discharge 20 mt,so hourly discharging rate for each crane 30x20=600 mt so total discharging rate in 3 crane is 1800 mt/hr.
7. Total discharging 1.75 hrs without any delay.
3.VEHICULAR
TRUCK
Load Port : Tanjung langsat
Discharge Port : Mumbai
Type of Cargo : Vehicular/ Machinery
Dimension of the truck : 6mx2m
Total Loadable QTY : 640 MT
Loaded deck : Ro-Ro Deck ( Tween Deck)
LOADING OF TRUCK
DUE DILIGENCE
1. Roro deck will be cleaned free of grease and oil and dry before cargo is loaded to improve friction.
2. Scupper drain inspected and cleaned.
3. Adequate lighting and ventilation must ensure for the space.
4. Gas,fire detectors must be triedout for good working order.
5. Fuel levels in vehicles kept to a minimum.
6. Vehicle ramp no greater than 12 degree angle to prevent vehicles body scraping
7. All lashing to be ready for lashing the vehicle & must be sure that all lashing have valid certificate for use.
LOADING
1. 80 new trucks to be loaded.
2. Truck will be loaded fore and aft direction.
3. Each truck mass is 8 MT
4. Each Trucks is 6mx2m length and width
5. 5 lane to be used for trucks . Each lane taking 16 trucks. Each lane length is 114m.
6. 1 m is allowed for lashing per truck.
7. Vessel Kept upright at all times
8. Hourly loading rate is 20 trucks.
9. So total loading time 4 hrs
TWEEN DECK CAPACITY
Deck
|
Total Lane
|
Each Lane Can load
|
Total QTY of truck
|
Each Truck Mass (MT)
|
Total Mass (MT)
|
Ro-Ro deck
|
5
|
16
|
80
|
8
|
640
|
FIG: VEHICLE DECK IN LOADED CONDATION, TOP VIEW
9. The cargo is loaded under its own power and stowed in accordance with the cargo plan.
10. During loading time make seure that loading is done properly without causing any damage of high value cargo. If there is any chance for damage the cargo use protective shields.
11. The contant of the petrolem tanks must be kept to an absolute minimum to reduce the risk to the ship and her crew bearing in mind the lingth and nature ot h the voyage.
12. Once all vehicles loading finished than make sure that all vehicles are lashed and secured properly.
13. The cargo is most normally driven aboard the carrying vessel under its own power driven on board. This operation will normally be carried out by subcontracted stevedores, whose must be capable of driving the range of vehicles to be loaded and be aware of the standard of care required.
14. All vehicles are to be parked with handbrakes firmly on and in gear and as such putting the vehicles in gear provides a secondary roll prventin method.
15. The trucks will be secured using chain lashings four front and rear of the vehicles. Two at each end will be secured to the opposite side of the vehicles to the lashing point on the deck and the remaining two at each end will be secured directly to the nearest lashing point. All will be secured on portion of the deck.
16. All personnel must be wear proper PPE during loading and discharging operation.
STOW
TRUCK:
1. Trucks stowed in the fore and aft direction with the brake on and chocked to prevent movment.
2. Minimum of 100% lashing & point (MSL) on both side of unit should equal weight of unit.
3. Angle of lashing 30-60%
PACKAGING:
The Cargo forms its own packet that is to say the vehicle should be of sufficient strength and durability to survive the whole voyage. If any potential risk of damage to the vehicle during the loading process. Shipper May choose some protective covering on the vehicle.
CARE:
1. Regular inspection to be done of lashing equipment though out the voyage and tightened if necessary.
2. When lashings require re tensioning, this should be done during the inspections.
3. Ventilation to the space & monitor to prevent build up of hydrocarbons.
4. Inspction to be increased during heavy weather.
5. If vehicle is moved from the stowed position, report to master or chief officer immdiately.
6. Check for any leakage of foul oil tank of the vehicle, if found any leakage report responsible officer & clean it immediately.
7. All trucks secured by usingng lashing & lashing should be secured tightly but not in an overly prestressed manner.
DISCHARGE OPERATION:
1. Lashing removed on arrival as per master instruction.
2. During unlashing note any damage that may have been missed during rounds.
3. During discharging time note that if you found any damage of the vehicle & report responsible officer.
4. Place ramp in position and adjusted angle of ramp during discharging time.
5. Driver must be briefed on safety procedures when exiting the vessel & transit of the ramp.
6. Check and report that all lashing and chocks have been cleared away from the vehicle deck.
7. Discharging via the vehicle ramp will be the same process as loading.
8. During discharging time one person to be standby with radio and monitor the discharging operation, if he found any abnormality must be report responsible person.
9. Hourly discharge rate is 20 trucks, so total discharge time 3.75 hrs
4. PALLETIZED CARGO
Motor parts, Break Pad
Load port : Tanjung Langsat
Dischargo Port : Korachi
Type of Cargo : Spare parts, Break Pad
Pallet size : 1.2mx1.8m
Total Loadable QTY : 462 MT
Hold to be Loaded : No 1
DUE DILIGENCE
· Proper PPE to be worn like safety googles, safety musk, safety halemt, safety boots.
· Cargo hold cleaned. All residues of previous cargo removed,hold is washed with fresh water.
· The bilge and strum boxes inspected, cleaned and then cover with burlap to prevent entry of cargo particles.
· The cargo hold will need to be forced ventilated to ensure there is no moisture is left in the hold.
· Before loading must be sure that the hold is completely dry.
· Fire fighting equipment must be ready at all times.
LOADING
1. Loading will be done as per loading plan.
2. Loading will be done by using ship crane no 1 & make sure that all palletised cargo lashed and secured as per lashing manual.
3. During loading time wire sling or belt sling SWL to be tested & make sure that all have valid certificate. 2 number of selling to be used for each pallet.
4. 6 pallet will be picked at a time in 6 min cycle & make sure Vessel is upright at all times.
5. Pallet to be Loaded carefully and monitor the pallet is strapping well.
6. Check the pallets that pallets are not broken.
7. Dunnage to be used for maintaining safety of the cargo & pallets.
8. Stow the cargo tightly in the hold.
9. Make sure that using wooden pices used to avoid contact with bulkhead.
10. 2 tier to be loaded.
11. Totel loading time 2.57 hrs
5. Vessel Kept upright at all times
FIG: LOADED CONDITION INSIDE THE HOLD, TOP VIEW
PALLET SIZES AND TYPES:
For loading purpose, I am using 1200mmx1800mm (1.2 mx 1.8m) which is two-way pallet & ISO approved.
Hold Number
|
Total Number Pallet for 2 tier
|
Pallet size
|
Each pallet Mass of Cargo MT
|
Total Mass (MT)
|
Hold can Load
|
SWL for No 1 Crane
|
1
|
77x2
|
1.2mx1.8m
|
3
|
462 MT
|
14.80 t/m2
|
20 MT
|
BOX DIMENSION LXbXh=20X15X20 cm
|
LOADED QTY IN EACH PALLET 6X12X5 360 BOXES
|
EACH BOX WEIGHT
|
8.33 KG
|
TOTAL WEIGHT OF EACH PALLET
|
3 MT
|
TOTAL NUMBER OF PALLET 154 IN 2 TIER
|
462 MT
|
Benefits:
1. It reduces the growing cost of packaging.
2. It reduces handling
3. It increases the speed of loading and discharging.
METHOD OF SECURING:
Shrink-wrap: A plastic (Transparent) Cover over the pallet load which is heat shrunk into place. Certain types of plastic wrapping may be stretched around the cargo without the need of heat. This is called stretch rapping. This rapping mainly used for protection against dirt, pilferage.
CARE
1. Make sure that cargo kept in dry.
2. Regular inspection of lashing equipment through out the voyage and tightened if necessary.
3. When lashings require re-tensioning, this should be done during the inspections.
4. Inspction to be done frequently during heavy weather.
5. If Pallet is moved from the stow position, report to master or chief officer immdiately.
DISCHARGING:
1. Follow all discharging checklist.
2. Discharging to done as per discharge plan.
3. Take out all lashing as per Master instruction.
4. Discharging to be done by using ship crane.
5. Hourly discharging rate is 60 pallets so total discharging time is 2.57 hrs.
5.CONTAINERISED
FROZEN MEAT & SPARE MOTOR PARTS
Load Port : Tanjung Langsat
Discharge Port : Haldia
Type of Cargo : Frozen Meat
Loading Temperature : -180 C
Total Loadable QTY : 1760 MT
Hatch to be Loaded : No 3 & 4 (P & S)
Dimension of the carrying Reefer container:
Fig: Carrying Reefer Container
All reefer container ISO approved carrying frozen meat loading from Tanjung Langsat & will be discharge in Chittagong.
The reefer container will be carried on deck no 3, 4 hatch. Make sure that all reefer containers are in good condition. If any reefer found damaged condition, report responsible person and duty officer if necessary refused to load.
DUE DILIGENCE
1. Proper PPE to be worn like safety googles, safety musk, safety halemt, safety boots.
2. Check and ensure the power supply are in good condition and ready for immediate use.
3. Ensure the bays are clear of obstructions.
4. All lashing gear to be inspected before use and make sure that all are carrying valid certificate.
5. Cargo hatch to be cleaned. All residues of previous cargo removed,hold wash with fresh water.
6. Make sure that there is no grease or slippery liquid or oil on the hatch cover. If found, cleane it immediately.
7. Container bar to be made free.
8. Make sure that twist lock area are cleaned and clear from obstruction.
9. Fire fighting equipment must be ready at all times.
LOADING & HANDLING OF CONTAINER
1. Container will be loaded by using ship crane.
2. Each container mass is 20 Mt there is no problem to pick the container by using ship crane because the ship crane SWL is more than that.
3. Make sure that vessel upright at all times.
4. During loading if any visible damage found in container should be reported responsible person or duty officer. Some cases can refuse to load the container.
5. When Reefer Container on board, electrical officer to be called and connect to the ship electric supply for the reefer and monitor all times that cooling system is working properly. If cooling system not working properly call responsible person or duty officer & lock down.
6. For safety purpose Crane load test like rocking test certificate must be available for sudden inspection. Besides, used all other loose gear certificate must be available at all time for inspection. If any loose gear found without certificate or damaged must be prohibited to use it.
7. It is known that each crane has a four-minute cycle with respect to the handling of containers therefore allowing the movement of 15 containers per hour into the ship. So the time will be constant for the crane for loading operation.
8. After loading completion make sure that all container is labelled as it is dangerous goods, if it is. If it is not dangerous goods that make sure that there is no labelled of dangerous goods otherwise it will create confusion. In this case not carrying any dangerous goods so no need to put any label.
Below given some placards as per their class (for reference only):
Fig: Placards for Dangerous Goods
CONTAINER SIZE AND CAPACITY:
Hatch Number
|
Total Tier
|
Type of Container
|
Total Container
|
Total Mass MT
|
3P
|
2
|
Reefer
|
20
|
400
|
3S
|
2
|
Reefer
|
20
|
400
|
4P
|
3
|
Spare Motor Parts
|
24
|
480
|
4S
|
3
|
Spare Motor Parts
|
24
|
480
|
Total
|
88
|
1760
|
9. Hourly loading rate is 15 Containers
10. Total 2 number of ship crane to be used for loading operation.
11. So hourly loading rate is 30 containers.
Total Loading time: 2.9 hrs
Maximum deck loading density for the hatch covers are 60t per TEU area and as such the loading densities are acceptable for this planned stow.
SUPPORT
All lower container will be supported by using twist locks fitted on the deck. All usable loose gear must have test certificate & to be checked that all are in good condition. If found any defects during the use report responsible person or duty officer.
Any damaged to the containers themselves may also impair the ability to correctly block stow the ship. Damaged containers especially those showing signs of damage around the securing points should be refused carriage.
Ship lashing plan should be done properly by responsible person.
Fig: Lashing Equipment
Fig: Lashing for container
CARE & MAINTENANCE OF CONTAINER DURING PASSAGE
At sea, all reefer containers shall be monitored by checking physically at least Twice daily.
During the daily reefer container checks, its condition shall be checked for the
following: -
a) Power supply
b) Cooling water supply maintained in case of water cooled machinery
c) Make sure that maintaining loading temperature are maintaining -18 C.
e) Any alarms displayed on the digital indicator
f) Control box door firmly tightened to prevent any water damage
g) Any abnormal noise or vibration from the refrigerating equipment
h) All lashing to checked, bottle screw to be checked if it is found any loose lashing make it tight.
In case of a reefer container malfunction, the facts must be reported without delay to concerned parties as required by the voyage instructions.
The reefer remote monitoring system where fitted and operational shall be used whenever possible. Alarms generated on this system shall be attended to promptly and condition of the concerned reefer container confirmed.
DISCHARGING
1. Discharging will be done as per discharge plan.
2. Before Arrival discharge port, make sure that all lashing to be removed and secured in store.
3. During discharging time make sure that all container are discharging safely.
4. If found any damage container report responsible officer.
5. One person to be monitored at all times, safety of the vessel,safety of the crews as well safety of the cargo.
6. Vessel Kept upright at all times
7. Hourly Discharge rate is 15 Containers
8. Total 2 number of ship crane to be used for Discharging operation.
9. So hourly Discharge rate is 30 containers.
Total Discharging time: 2.9 hrs
6.PRE-SLUNG
SAWN TIMBER
Load Port : Tanjung Langsat
Dischargr Port : Gujrat
Cargo Type : Pre-slung
Tree : Pine Tree timber
Weight of per Pack 18 t
Dimension of timber Pack : 6mx2mx2m
Total Loadable QTY : 1404 MT
Hatch to be Loaded : No. 1, No. 2 (P & S) & No. 5
DUE DILIGENCE
1. Proper PPE to be worn like safety googles, safety musk, safety halemt, safety boots.
2. Hatch to be cleaned and check for any damage.
3. SWL to be checked before use any loose gear. All lashing gear to be inspected before use and make sure that all are carrying valid certificate.
4. Bottle screw to be checked.
5. Ensure the bays are clear of obstructions.
6. Make sure that there is no grease or slippery liquid or oil on the hatch cover. If found, cleane it immediately.
7. Fire fighting equipment must be ready at all times.
LOADING
1. Loading will be done as per loading plan.
2. Ships crane to be used during loading operation.
3. 2 tiers to be loaded.
4. Weight of per Pack 18 t
6. Hourly Loading Rate: 15 packs for each crane, 3 crane to be used for Loading operation so total hourly loading rate is 3x15= 45 packs
7. Total Loading time is 1.73 hrs.
HATCH COVER CLEAR OPENINGS (LENGTHXBREADTH)
Hold No
|
No 1
|
No 2
|
No 5
|
LxB (m)
|
12.8x13.0
|
19.2x8.0
|
12.8x11.0
|
Hatches
|
1 Hatch Lid
|
2 Hatch Lid
|
1 Hatch Lid
|
For calculation purpose 1ft = 0.29375m taken.
LOADED QUANTITY ON EACH HATCH COVER
SL NO Of Hatch
|
Number of Packs
|
Weight of Packs
MT
|
After Loading Deck Loading density t/m2
|
Deck L/D as per ship particulers
|
1
|
20
|
360
|
2.16
|
40 t Per TEU
|
2
|
20
|
360
|
2.3
|
50 t Per TEU
|
2
|
20
|
360
|
2.3
|
50 t Per TEU
|
5
|
18
|
324
|
2.3
|
40 t Per TEU
|
Total
|
78
|
1404
|
|
|
STOW
1. Timber will be stowed in the fore and aft position and tightly packed to ensure no movement of the timber packs.
Fig: Sawn Timber After Loading.
2. Lashing will be independence and spacing will be not more than 1 meters.
3. Gluts to be used to protect the timber edges.
Fig: Lashing and Securing
4. Wire lashing to be used and tight properly.
5. Lashing will be tightened with deck eye.
6. If required dunnage to be used.
Fig: Using Dunnage
Besides, Lashings should be high-tensile chain fitted with bottle screw and hook shorteners. Pear links can be used as additional shorteners. A lashing plan for the carriage of timber on deck should be included in the vessels deck cargo securing manual the basis of which will be extracted from the IMO’s code of safe practice for ships carrying timber deck cargoes 2011.
CARE AND MAINTENANCE
1. Lashing to be checked through the voyage if found any loose lashing, tight it instantly.
2. Bottle screw to be checked for any damaged.
DISCHARGE OPERATION
1. Proper PPE to be used.
2. Discharge will be done as per Discharging plan.
3. Ships crane to be used during discharge operation.
4. Pre Slung sling eye in position for discharged.
5. Weight of per Pack 18 t
6. Hourly discharge Rate: 15 packs for each crane, 3 crane to be used for discharging operation so total discharging rate is 3x15= 45 packs/hr
7. Total discharging time is 1.73 hrs.
All cargo total loading time: 24.04 hrs, 2 hours’ Extra time for, tank gauging, & papers works so total time 26.04 hrs.
Total discharge time: 23.4 hrs, 2 hours’ Extra time for, tank gauging, & papers works so total time will be 25.4 hrs
